雾霾雅思范文

Enviroment一直是雅思写作的高频话题，雾霾是最近几年笼罩大家心中痛，尤其是帝都人民。那你知道雾霾雅思范文有哪些吗?

雾霾雅思范文：雾霾治理

Galapagos environmental emergency

The government in Ecuador has declared an emergency in the Galapagos islands. A ship carrying petrol which got stuck on the rocks last week may still carry a threat to the island group’s plants and animals.

The petrol tanker became stranded off the island of San Cristobal on Friday. But despite having emptied the ship’s cargo, the authorities fear that some remaining pollutants, like motor oil, could spill over and cause environmental damage.

They said they’re working to remove the vessel. This is not the first ship accident in the Galapagos. In 2001, another stranded petrol tanker spilled fuel and decimated marine life.

The Galapagos are home to unique animals such as the giant tortoise, the marine iguana and the flightless cormorant. The archipelago is also known for its endemic finches, which were studied in the 1830s by the British scientist Charles Darwin. He went on to publish On the Origin of Species, his revolutionary book on evolution.

雅思写作思路解析：环境问题【雾霾】

场景：雾霾;空气污染

BEIJING’s smoghas mostly behaved itself during the Olympics, but it will remain a feature ofthe city’s landscape for the foreseeable future. How bad is it really? What arethe economic and humaneffects?

总的来说，北京的雾霾在奥运会期间的表现还算乖，但在可预见的将来，它还会成为这座城市的景物特色之一。雾霾之灾究竟何等严重?它对经济与人有何影响?

【经典句式】

smog雾霾

economicand human effects对经济与人的影响

【犀利观点】当你实在想不出开头、又快要没有时间的时候，不妨这样用问句开头。

A group of Edinburgh medical students dugup the facts on the Great London Smog of 1952 【the photos are fascinating; areal shock for people who think environmental problems are something new】. Thestudents provided numbers on the level of air pollution in London 1952 and Ihave compared these to recent numbers for Beijing.

几位爱丁堡大学医学院的学生发掘了1952年伦敦大雾霾的一些事实【其中的照片引人入胜;这对于那些认为环境问题历史甚短的人无疑是当头棒喝】。这些学生提供了1952年伦敦空气污染水平的一批数字，我把它们与北京的最近数字做了比较。

Beijing’s poor airquality – 300 or somicrograms of particulate matter per cubic metre – has generated volumesof purple prose, but London’s numbers in the 1950s were consistently above 400, and surged to 1,600 during theGreat Smog – more than five times Beijing’s inearly August.

北京上空每立方米空气约含300微克粉尘物质，这一恶劣的空气质量已经让人写出了许多华丽的抱怨文章，但伦敦在1950年代的这一数字持续超过400，并在大雾霾期间狂涨到1600，这是北京八月初数字的5倍以上。

有关雾霾的雅思写作素材整理：

For nearly 15 years the Chinese government has been talking about improving the air quality in Beijing, and by its own measures it seems to have done a pretty good job.

近15年来，中国政府一直在谈论改善北京的空气质量，按照政府自己的标准，它似乎取得了不错的成就。

Since the city launched a campaign in 1998 to clean up the atmosphere, the number of “blue sky days” recorded by the government increased each year until 2011, when it achieved a record 286 days with supposedly clean air, compared with 100 in 1998.

自北京市在1998年发起净化大气的行动以来，政府记录的“蓝天日”【在这些日子，北京的空气理应是清洁的】数量截止2011年逐年增加，从1998年的100天，增至2011年创纪录的286天。

But as anyone who has lived for long in Beijing can attest, “blue sky” is a somewhat redundant concept when applied to the celestial capital.

但正如任何长住北京的人都能证明的，就这个天朝之都而言，“蓝天”是一个多少有点多余的概念。

Over the weekend, air pollution readings in the city were the worst since records began about four years ago, with the concentration of fine particulates reaching a level 75 times greater than that considered healthy under the latest US standards.

在刚刚过去的这个周末，北京市的空气污染指数达到自大约4年前开始记录以来最糟糕的水平，其中微粒浓度超过美国新健康安全标准75倍。

A thick layer of toxic fog blanketing Beijing for days blotted out the sun and disrupted traffic as residents were warned to stay inside and avoid any strenuous activity to minimise their exposure to the hazardous fumes.

一层浓密的有害雾霾连续数天笼罩着北京，遮住太阳，妨碍着交通，市民被告知尽量不要外出，并避免从事重体力活动，以尽量减少人们吸入的有害烟雾。

Despite years of official rhetoric and a couple of years when there was a noticeable improvement, the air seems to be getting worse and could even present the new administration of Xi Jinping with a credibility crisis. Chinese and international experts say one of the biggest problems the government faces is the willingness of officials at all levels to sacrifice environmental concerns for the overriding imperative of economic growth.

尽管官方谈论多年，其中还曾有两年出现明显好转，但总体而言北京的空气似乎正在变糟，这甚至有可能给习近平领导的新政府带来一场可信度危机。中国和国际专家表示，政府面临的最大问题之一是，各级官员为了实现压倒一切的经济增长目标，而不惜牺牲环保担忧。

A lack of accountability, the weakness of agencies tasked with tackling the issue and the ease with which data collection and presentation is manipulated all compound the problem.

缺乏问责制度，环保部门没有实权，以及数据的采集和报告轻易受到操纵，都加剧了这个问题。

“China’s national leaders have ordered an improvement in air quality but thanks to misreporting and manipulation of data at the lower levels, they often aren’t aware of the severity of the problem,” says Steven Andrews, an environmental consultant who exposed official manipulation of air pollution data in Beijing in the run-up to the 2008 Olympic Games.

“中国的国家领导人下令改善空气质量，但由于下级误报和操纵数据，他们往往不了解问题的严重程度，”环境顾问史蒂文·安德鲁斯【Steven Andrews】表示。他曾揭露，2008年奥运会之前，官方操纵了北京的空气污染数据。

“For lower-level officials, they can often get the same results by manipulating the data as they do by enforcing emissions standards.”

“对下级官员来说，操纵数据往往就能得到与执行排放标准相同的结果。”

Since enforcing these standards means confronting powerful state enterprises and power producers – many of which have emissions-treatment equipment installed but choose not to use it because of costs – many officials prefer to massage the numbers, Mr Andrews says.

安德鲁斯称，由于执行此类标准意味着叫板强大的国有企业和发电企业【其中很多企业安装了排放处理设备，但出于成本考虑而选择不使用这些设备】，因此许多官员宁愿操纵数据。

Chinese scientists who have conducted independent studies on air quality say all sorts of tricks are used by the authorities in order to provide data that show improvements.

曾进行独立空气质量研究的中国科学家表示，为了拿出显示好转的数据，官方使出种种伎俩。

These range from blatantly changing the readings to putting city air monitoring stations in places where pollution levels are lowest, such as in parks.

这些伎俩包括悍然改动读数，以及把市区的空气监测站放在公园等污染水平最低的地点。

Another problem is that China’s definition of unhealthy pollution levels seems designed to downplay the issue – the highest concentration of toxic particulates regarded as “excellent” in China is three times higher than the US considers healthy.

另一个问题是，中国对不健康污染水平的定义，似乎意在淡化问题——中国“优”等空气质量的有毒颗粒物浓度上限是美国健康安全标准的3倍。

That many Beijing residents are even aware the “fog”?they?breathe is bad for them already marks a huge leap forward compared with just one year ago.

许多北京市民现在意识到，他们吸入的“雾”对健康是有害的。与一年前相比，这已经标志着一大进步。

雅思阅读模拟题：北京遭遇雾霾天气

From：TIME, Jan. 14, 2013

Beijing Warns Residents After Off-the-Charts Smog

【BEIJING】 — Beijing schools kept childrenindoors and hospitals saw a spike in respiratorycases Monday following a weekend of off-the charts pollution in China's smoggy capital, theworst since the government began being more open about air-quality data.

City authorities, who began releasing figures about some of the worst kinds of pollutantsearly last year, ordered many factories to scale back emissions and were spraying water atbuilding sites to try to tamp down dust and dirt worsening the noxious haze hanging over thecity.

Demand spiked for face masks and air purifiers, and hospitals saw surges of up to 30percent in residents seeking help for breathing problems, state-run media outlets reported.Schools in several districts were ordered to cancel outdoor activities such as flag-raisings andsports classes, and in an unusual public announcement, Beijing authorities advised allresidents to "take measures to protect their health."

"It's really terrible. I'm extremely upset, but there's really nothing much I can do," said aBeijing resident out for a morning stroll. Like many Chinese, the man would give only hissurname, Kang.

Another man, a 60-year-old retiree surnamed Chen, said his elderly relatives had moved tostay with family members outside the city to avoid the pollution.

"I'm in pretty good shape, but the older folks have a lot of problems with their hearts,breathing, and high blood pressure," Chen said.

Levels of PM2.5 particle pollution over the weekend reached the highest levels since theBeijing government began publicly releasing figures following a public outcry. In separatemonitoring by the U.S. Embassy, level were at 886 micrograms per cubic meter in a reading thatwas labeled “beyond index.”

By Monday, levels had declined to about 350 micrograms on the Beijing government scale— down from a high above 700 but still way above the level of 25 considered safe by the WorldHealth Organization.

PM2.5 are tiny particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in size, or about 1/30th theaverage width of a human hair. They can penetrate deep into the lungs, and measuring them isconsidered a more accurate reflection of air quality than other methods.

The Beijing Shijitan Hospital received 20 percent more patients than usual at itsrespiratory health department, Dr. Huang Aiben said. Most patients were coughing and soughttreatment for chronic bronchitis, asthma and other respiratory illnesses, Huang said.

“Because these dust particles are relatively fine, they can be directly absorbed by the lung’stiny air sacs. The airway’s ability to block the fine dust is relatively weak and so bacteria andviruses carried by the dust can directly enter the airway,” Huang said.

Huang said exposure to such high levels ofpollution over the short term can cause bacterialand viral infections, and prolonged exposure couldresult in tumors.

Beijing’s air started to worsen on Thursday,and Beijing’s monitoring center said the pollutionwas expected to linger until Tuesday.

Weather conditions are a factor, as a lack ofwind means pollutants can easily accumulate and failto dissipate, said Pan Xiao Chuan, a professor atPeking University’s public health department.

“Recent pollution doesn’t mean there is an increase in the discharge of pollutants,” hesaid.

The government started publishing PM2.5 readings last year after public demands for moredetailed air quality data, prompted in part by a Twitter feed from the U.S. Embassy thatreported readings from the building’s roof. A growing Chinese middle class has becomeincreasingly vocal about the quality of the environment. Hourly air quality updates are nowavailable online for more than 70 cities.

Air pollution is a major problem in China due to the country’s rapid pace ofindustrialization, reliance on coal power, explosive growth in car ownership and disregardfor environmental laws. It typically gets worse in the winter because of weather conditions andan increase in coal burning for heating needs.

Several other cities, including Tianjin on the coast east of Beijing and southern China’sWuhan city, also reported severe pollution over the last several days.