雅思口语描述环境

发布时间:2022-05-12 16:48:54

雅思口语描述环境

随着人类的发展,环境问题也越发引人关注,要是在雅思口语考试中,被问到关于环境的问题,你该怎么回答呢?

1.惯用口语句子:

Now the environmental pollution is too serious.

现在环境污染太严重了。

environmental a. 环境的

pollution n. 污染

Some people pay little attention to the environment.

有些人根本就不重视环境。

A lot of companies just ignore the law.

许多公司简直就无视法律,

little a. 很少,几乎没有

environment n. 环境

ignore n. 忽视,无视,不理睬

pay attention to“注意,重视”

They should stop contaminating the air.

他们应该停止污染空气。

contaminate v. 污染

The air in this mill stings the eyes.

这家工厂里的空气刺激眼睛。

mill n. 工厂,制造厂

sting v. 刺痛,使疼痛

The illegal waste dumping has mushroomed in the last decade.

非法倾倒垃圾的现象近十年来愈演愈烈。

illegal a. 违法的,不合规定的

waste n. 废物,废品,废料

dump v. 倾倒

mushroom v. 迅速增长

decade n. 十年

Garbage is a necessary evil.

垃圾令人讨厌,却又无法避免。

garbage n.垃圾

evil n. 坏事,祸害

More and more plastic bags are used in everyday life, which is very harmful to the environment.

越来越多的塑料袋在日常生活中使用,对环境十分有害。

plastic a. 塑胶的,塑料的

harmful a. 有害的

be harmful to“对…有害处”

People should take measures to combat the deforestation.

人们应该采取措施与乱砍乱伐作斗争。

combat v. 反对,与…战斗

deforestation n. 砍伐森林

take measures“采取措施”

We can reduce the pollution by living a simple life.

我们可以过一种简单的生活来减少污染。

reduce v. 降低,减少,缩小

2.实用对话

On The Environment谈论环境

Lucy: Dad, what's that thick black foam on the river?

露西:爸爸,河上那层厚厚的黑色泡沫是什么?

Father: That's the waste from some factories.

父亲:那是工厂排出来的废料。

Lucy: I thought it was against the law to dump directly into the river.

露西:我原以为直接排放到河里是违法的呢。

Father: It is. But a lot of companies just ignore the law.

父亲:是违法的。可是许多公司简直就无视法律。

Lucy: Why do they run such a risk?

露西:他们为什么要冒这个险呢?

Father: They can save a lot of money by doing this.

父亲:这样做可以省很多钱。

Lucy: But they make the river polluted and it smells bad too.

露西:可是他们污染了河流,气味也变得难闻了。

Father: Not just the river, they also pollute the air and the soil.

父亲:不仅仅是河流,还污染了空气和土壤呢。

Lucy: The air is also polluted? They should stop contaminating the air.

露西:空气也受到污染了吗?他们应该停止污染空气。

Father: You've seen many people coughing all the time, and even your own eyes start to sting and get all watery just by going too near a factory.

父亲:你看到好多人老是咳嗽,就因为太接近工厂,你自己的眼睛也开始刺痛、流泪。

Lucy: Yeah. I've noticed those things, but l never really thought about why it happens.

露西:是啊。我已经注意到这些事情了,可我从来没想过是为什么。

Father: It's because there's too much sulfur dioxide in the air.

父亲:这是因为空气中含有大量的二氧化硫。

Lucy: What should we do?

露西:我们该怎么办呢?

Father: Maybe if we ever come to the river again, we'll have to wear masks. We'd better call the police and report what's happening.

父亲:也许下次再来这个小河边我们得戴上口罩了。我们最好打电话给警察,告诉他们这里发生的一切吧。

3.详细解说

1.“run a risk”表示“冒险,冒着危险,有危险”;“run a risk of doing sth.”表示“冒险做某事”。例如:Anyone travelling without apassport runs the risk of being arrested.【任何不带护照旅行的人都有被捕的危险。】另外,“take a/the risk 【of doing sth.】”表示“决定冒险【做某事】”,例知:Isn't he taking a risk in coming here?【他来这里不是在冒险吗?】I couldn't take the risk of leaving him aloneeven for a short time.【我不能冒险留下他单独一个人,哪怕是一小会儿。】Many people are willing to take the risk in order to protect theirfamilies.【很多人为了保护自己的家人都愿意冒这个风险。】

2.“sulfur dioxide”的意思是“二氧化硫”。

4.文化洗礼

美国人的环保观

美国人环境意识很强,能够做到自觉爱护环境、保护环境。他们牢牢的树立了一种信念:保护环境就是保护自身的生存空间;保护环境人人有责。他们自觉地保持自然生态的平衡,积极美化自己的家园。

美国人住房的前后院都由自己设计布置、铺设草坪、种植花卉果树等。用于出租的公寓则由房主负责管理,对花草定期浇灌、施肥、修剪。也有少数家庭用彩色石头或鹅卵石铺设院子里的地面或小径,很少有土壤裸露的现象。

美国人常常带着自己的宠物狗到公园散步,一般在公园的人口处都设有一个小木箱,里面放着免费的专用塑料袋,用来戴在手上捡取狗粪。木箱子旁边往往有一个牌子。牌子上写着“DOG OWNERS ARE REQUIRED TO CLEAN UPAFTER DOGS, USE SCOOPERS PROVIDED AND DEPOSIT WASTE IN GARBAGE CONTAINER. THANK YOU.”,意思是要求狗的主人用所提供的塑料袋将狗的粪便放人垃圾箱中,保持公园清洁干净。

许多生活社区里,家家门前绿树成排,青草如茵。节假日时,市民们常常喜欢全家老小在公园里“BBQ”【barbecue的缩写,意为“烧烤”】。他们边呓边喝、边唱边聊,但事后大家总是将饮料瓶及其他废物捡起来,按垃圾分类要求分别放入垃圾桶并将周围环境清扫干净。

雅思口语如何描述环境问题

气候系统是一个复杂的系统,包括各个分量【如大气、海洋、陆地、冰雪等】之间的相互作用,当其中一个分量产生变化时,将引起其他分量发生变化。就地球的历史而言,大冰期【Ice Age】至少出现过5次,小冰期【Little Ice Age】出现过若干次【感兴趣的同学可以做一套相关雅思阅读 C8T2P2】。人类社会进入80年代, 气候较前10至20年显示出明显的变暖趋势,而人类活动,如燃烧化石燃料产生的二氧化碳,将对气候产生重要的影响。

关于全球气候变暖的影响,出于感性认知,我当时主要答了三个点:

1. The rise of temperature on a global scale will lead to the melting of the icebergin Arctic and Antarctic. 【气候变暖使南北极冰山消融】

基础词汇:

“arc”表示“圆弧”

上北下南,北极在地球“上”为正弧【arc】,即Arctic

而“anti”作为前缀表“反的,反对的”,“反北极”即南极,Anti+arctic=Antarctic南极

2. Sea level rise has accelerated in recent years.【海平面上升愈演愈烈】

基础词汇:

“accelerate”这个词我们在上篇文章中讲过了,表示“使…加快,加速”。老外学字母是从ABC开始的,学驾驶也一样,车上的ABC分别指accelerator【油门,加速器】,brake【刹车】和clutch【离合器】。

3. Endangered Animals & Loss of Biodiversity 【物种濒危,生物多样性被破坏】

2月底获得广泛关注,由《国家地理》摄影镜头捕捉到雄性北极熊吃掉幼崽的视频,体现了全球变暖带来的另一影响,冰层的融化、缩小、变薄让北极熊狩猎的立足之地因此渐渐消失。视频反映了在粮食短缺的情况下,北极熊选择自相残杀的事件可能会变得更加常见。

毛骨悚然和心碎之余,不禁感叹这个我们心中的“游泳健将” 的数量和生育率都在逐年下降。调查显示,土著居民虽然狩猎北极熊,但传统狩猎方法所捕杀的北极熊数量并不会对其生存构成威胁,罪魁祸首依然是北极冰层的生态系统被破坏。

简单介绍其他常见环境问题:

Acid Rain酸雨

Definition:rain, which is polluted by chemicals

Effects: health problems, soil pollution,water pollution etc.

基础词汇,英文中的“酸”有哪些酸:

1.sour,tasting or smelling sharp and unpleasant, not fresh

味道酸的,变酸的,发酵的

e.g. Milk goes sour so fast on such a boiling hot day.

2. sore,aching&painful

疼痛的,酸痛的

e.g. Igot aching back and sore legs after snowboarding for 2 hours.

3. jealous

妒忌的

自古以来,女人的酸才是最酸的,不多解释…关于这一词在英文中有个很美好的解释是“唯恐失去的”,所以请珍惜那个翻你手机的女朋友。

Deforestation采伐森林

Definition:the cutting down of trees on a large scare

Effects:affect the atmosphere 【carbon dioxide, oxygen】, climate change and

loss ofhabitat for animals

雅思口语回答的基本法则

首先是“直接回答”,是指针对考官的提问直接正面回答,切忌兜圈子和回避考官问题。接下来,我们要针对回答进行解释,给出原因。很多同学面对熟悉的话题很容易想到原因,但是如果是日常生活中很少接触的事物,则会没有头绪。出现这种状况的原因是大家往往倾向于从事物本身的特点出发想原因,参见以下例子:【请注意黑体字因果逻辑连接词的替换】:

I’m quite into music for the reason that it never fails to cheer me up。

I love my name coz it makes people easily remember me。

I enjoy playing computer games as it’s really fun and it’s a great way to loosen up。

从这个角度出发想原因并没错,但是当这条路走不通的时候,可以从其他角度发散思维。例如回想一下自己以往好的或者糟糕的经历,参考以下例子:

I can’t stand public transportation coz every time I take a bus or subway, especially during rush hours, it’s packed like sardines and I feel like I’m going to die。

Swimming would be the last thing 【that】 I want to do。 And as I see it, it’s mainly because once I almost drowned in a river when I was little。 It was so horrible。

其次可以想想身边人对你的影响,参考以下例子:

I’m a big fan of classical music thanks to my mom, who used to put on some music by Beethoven or Schubert at home when I was a kid。

I find it great to ride bicycles thanks to my bestie, Lily, who is a super fan of cycling。 Actually, she always invites me to some local cycling events and gradually it’s become a necessary part of my life as well。

总结一下,当刚刚听到问题没有思路时,可以从以下几个方面来找灵感:事物本身特点、自己过去经历【开心的/不开心的】、其他人的影响。这样可以帮助我们大大提高流利度。

最后,补充一些细节来支撑刚刚给出的原因。不知道如何给具体例子的烤鸭们,李双老师建议参考“个人习惯句型”I mean/Actually/In fact/For example, what, who, when, where, why。

下面我们通过Part 1和Part 3两道例题,再来完整回顾一下“直接回答-给原因-给细节”这个法则。

Part 1例题:What’s your favorite part of your country?

I definitely think the food culture is the best part of my country。 【直接作答】I mean, China never fails to satisfy all peoples’ needs for tasty food。 【给原因】Although sometimes the way we make food is not that healthy, I still think it’s an ideal place for foodies for the reason that it has a lot to offer, from spicy food to light-cooked food to various kinds of dessert。【给细节】

有时“给原因”和“给细节”的顺序可以灵活调整,参考下面Part 3部分的一道例题:Are science museums popular in China?

Definitely! Science museums are popular among not only science buff but also people who are not that crazy about science 【直接作答】。 Actually, no matter it’s during the weekdays or on the weekends, science museums are always busy and full of visitors 【给细节】。 As I see it, it’s mainly because the exhibitions/displays in those science museums enable people to enhance their knowledge about S&T in an interactive and vivid way 【给原因】。

最后,建议大家在平时备考训练过程中,有意识地培养自己的纵向逻辑,这样可以让回答更有层次感,避免逻辑过于跳跃。

雅思高分口语表达方法

很多考生在走出雅思口语考场后,把考官的音容笑貌深刻的在了自己脑海里,是不苟言笑的,亦或是亲切可爱的,继而不断纠结这位考官会不会看自己不顺眼,或者是能够给自己一个印象分。

笔者曾经问过一位前任雅思考官,在口语考试中是否真的有印象分,他没给说‘Yes’or‘No’,但回答同样耐人寻味,‘Well, we will judge a candidate’s level strictly according to the marking criteria, but we would feel happy with those who understand how to communicate in a polite and delightful way.’可见,考生们如果善于使用一些委婉性的表达,通过句式的变化将要表达的意思烘托或暗示给考官,不仅让考官在整个过程中感到舒适,也相应的消除了自己的紧张情绪。

在雅思口语的教学过程中,我发现很多学生口语非常流利,但有的句子说出来却令人不悦,比如有的话题让我们表达不满意的事或物,比如‘Describe a subject you dislike’或‘Describe a movie you dislike’,很多同学直接这样回答,‘We are unhappy with that movie.’或 ‘We are dissatisfied with that subject. ’,其实,我们完全可以换一种更加礼貌的方式,‘I'm sorry but we're not very happy with that movie.’或 ‘We're not completely satisfied.’。

雅思口语中还有很多话题谈及我们的需要,很多同学直接用 ‘want’ 来表达自己的需求,比如, ‘I want to listen some English songs.’, 稍作改动为‘I would need some sort of English songs when I am free’显得更加婉转; 另外,当提出某种建议时,有的学生会说 ‘The government must improve the environment nowadays.’, 在这里直接用‘must’这个小词就显得太过生硬,可以改成 ‘We were rather hoping to improve the environment nowadays.’

另外,在Part 3中考官会和学生根据Part 2的相关内容进行讨论,也会询问学生对某件事的态度或观点,比如‘Do you think the traffic in your country will get better in the future?’, ‘Do you think playing computer games do more harm than good to children?’, 许多同学在表达‘不同意’时会非常直接的说, ‘I won't agree to this.’ 或者 ‘I can’t accept it.’。如果换一种句式,就会显得更加有礼貌,比如 ‘I find it somewhat difficult to agree to.’或者 ‘Unfortunately, we would be unable to tolerate that. ’

从上面的几个例子也不难看出,改动后的句子变得更加委婉,让考官听起来也会觉得顺耳。在社会语言学中,委婉的语言是日常交际中很重要的组成部分,这也是西方人回答问题和表达自己观点时常用的说话方式。在雅思口语考试中,有四种简单的方法可以让你的口语回答显得更加委婉且有礼貌:

1. 多用情态动词

比如would, should, could, might来表示自己的态度,看法、建议或忠告,比如:

【1】 Without relaxation, our life might be sharply shortened. 没有休息,生命也许会缩短。

【2】 But if they watch TV too much, their eyes would be seriously hurt and they might be distracted from their study。如果看电视过多,他们的眼睛或许会严重受损,也会分散学习的精力。

【3】 Umm, it could be anything, like punctured tires, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog… … 嗯,任何情况【都可以导致迟到】,比如爆胎,交通变道,大雾……

2. 在句首可用maybe/perhaps, unfortunately, unluckily, I'm afraid, I’m not sure..., I doubt…提出建议、请求或表示反驳、反对等。

【1】 Maybe I should eat more vegetables to keep a healthy diet. 或许我应该吃更多的水果来保持健康的饮食。

【2】 Perhaps there’s another side of the question. 也许这个问题还有另一种情况。

【3】 I am afraid children would be addicted to online games and put their study aside. 我担心孩子们会对网络游戏上瘾,把学业搁置一边。

3.大量使用not very / quite, rather, somewhat, slightly, sort of、a little bit,或者使用否定句型代替直接性的否定词汇,比如not completely,not very等,来软化绝对和强硬的语气,给人一种正面的感觉。

4、用插入语或附加问句表示自己的看法。

【1】 That’s not quite reasonable, I guess. 我想,那样不太合理吧!

【2】 Dogs, it seems, love to chew up cash money. 狗看起来喜欢咀嚼纸币。

【3】 Rainy days often cause too much inconvenience to people’s daily lives, isn’t it? 下雨天会给人们的日常生活带来很多不便,不是吗?

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