雅思阅读考点词怎么背

雅思阅读考试对词汇量的要求很大。因此，在准备雅思考试的过程中，有针对性的复习单词就显得格外重要了。

雅思阅读考点词怎么背

雅思判断题的考点大致可以分为四类：

第一类：比较考点。

也就是考查单个事物或者多个事物就某一方面特性的比较。

通常来说特征词有如下一些：横向比较：better similar another the other relative most;纵向比较：future next second latter。对于这类考点，考点词就是比较部分的关键词。例如：10-1-3 39.It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.

很显然，按照我们刚才定位词的原则来看，smaller companies应该是这句话实际的主语，因此我们可以用它来做定位词。至于考点词，因为此句刚好是比较考点，因此考点词就是easier。

第二类：数字考点。

顾名思义，只要是题干出现的数字、百分比、年份、时间区间等等，我们都可以称之为数字考点。

数字考点考察的内容，通常来说就两类，第一，数字的准确性;第二，百分比后的主题，或者说范围的准确性。例如：

10-1-2 25. The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.

定位词：Gothenburg European Council

考点词：30 years ago

第三类：绝对考点。

标志词：any never always impossible immediately most every none all fully correctly absolutely等。

只要出现了绝对的副词、形容词，那么我们的关注重点就应该是此类词语在原文原句中有没有相应的表达。

仍然以10-1-1 Examples of ancient stepwells can be found all over the world.

刚才我们已经判断出定位词是ancient stepwells, 而考点词现在来看就非常清楚了，就是all。

第四类：是非考点。

此类考点多半是陈述句，没有比较级的词语，没有数字，也没有绝对的形容词或者副词。这类考点反而是雅思考试中占比重比较大的一类考点。因为变化或者考察的点比较分散，所以在这里不展开来讲。通常来说，是非考点的陈述句谓语部分是考点。

例如，10-2-3 37. The approach of art historians conflicts with that of art museums.

记住：主语是定位词，谓语是考点词。这样的话：art historians就是定位词，而conflict就是考点词了。 如果文章说到冲突就对，说到一致就是错。

好了，现在我们已经能够正确区分判断题中的定位词和考点词了。我们不妨来试一试吧：

10-3-1

5.The largest employment figures in the world are found in the travel and tourism industry.

6.Tourism contributes over six percent of the Australian gross national product.

7.Tourism has a social impact because it promotes recreation.

8.Two main features of the travel and tourism industry make its economic significance difficult to ascertain.

9.visitor spending is always greater than the spending of residents in tourist areas.

10.It is easy to show statistically how tourism affects individual economies.

雅思阅读段落主题快速定位怎样做

雅思阅读中段落主题句出现得多的位置就是段首。

英语文章中多的就是演绎型的写法，因为西方人喜欢开门见山，所以他们常常在雅思阅读文章中每一段的句话就先交代出这段话的主旨。这是简单的，也是常见的主题句位置，如下面这个例子：

As a child grows up，he learns how to behave in ways that is appropriate to the society into which he is born. That is to say，he acquires the patterns of behavior that are accepted as normal in his society. This process of social learning is generally referred to as socialization. By socialization，then，we mean the process whereby individuals learn the rules，values and practices of the society in which they live.

上面这段话中的句就是对整体段落大意的一个介绍;从第二句话中的“That is to say”可以看出来，第二句话是对句话的解释;第三句话中的“This process”也是代指的前一句话中的学习，成熟过程。而后一句话也是对社会化的一个解释，所以也可以确定句话就是段落的主题句。

除了句之外，主题句也可能出现在阅读文章段首位置的第二句。那什么时候会出现这种情况呢?分成三种情况：

【1】当首句是问句时;

【2】当首句是过渡句时;

【3】当次句为转折句时。

在这些情况下，第二句话都会比句话更重要，所以主题句也更可能出现在第二句话中。例如下面这句话：

What then makes people left-handed if it is not simply genetic?Other factors must be at work and researchers have turned to the brain for clues. In the 1860s the French surgeon and anthropologist，Dr Paul Broca，made the remarkable finding that patients who had lost their powers of speech as a result of a stroke 【a blood clot【凝结】 in the brain】 had paralysis【麻痹】 of the right half of their body. He noted that since the left hemisphere of the brain controls the right half of the body，and vice versa【反之亦然】，the brain damage must have been in the brain's left hemisphere，Psychologists now believe that among right handed people，probably 95 percent have their language centre in the left hemisphere，while 5 percent have right-sided language.

句话提问：“如果不仅是基因让人们习惯于用左手，那还有什么原因呢?”我们能预测出，接下来这段话应该就会给我们介绍除了基因以外的其他原因。正好第二句话说：“其他的因素也起到了作用，研究者将线索转向人类大脑方面。”所以能确定，所谓的“其他原因”就是指的“人类大脑”，所以主题句也就是第二句话。

另外一个常出现段落主题句的位置则是段尾。

这种现象常出现在归纳型的文章里。所谓归纳型，则是先陈述现象，后总结规律。因此这类的文章通常会出现一些总结性的词：Therefore/ Hence/ Thus/ So/ Consequently/ Accordingly/ As a result/ As a consequence;或者会出现一些研究报告类的词组The research findings/ the study/ the investigation/ the analysis/ the evidences show/ reveal/ imply/ indicate/ suggest/ demonstrate / prove that…;甚至有的会直接出现总结型主题句：In short/ In general/ All in all/ To sum up/ In summary/ On the whole…我们一起分析下面这个例句：

The only species which demonstrated【证明，证实】 near normal productivity【生产力】 was Cassin's Auklet【卡森的海雀】，in which the value for 1998 exceeded the long-term mean by 16 percent. However， given that very few Cassin's Auklets attempted to breed【生产，繁衍】，island-wide offspring【后代】 production was extremely low. In short，these observations were quite similar，with slight variations，to observations made on the Farallon【法拉龙】 seabird community in other severe E1 Nino years.

在这段话的句中，我们就发现了刚刚总结过的一个关键词“demonstrated”，但是我们不难发现，这个地方是“demonstrated”是属于which这个定语从句中的，所以不是对整段话，甚至整篇文章的总结。所以排除了句话是主题句的可能性。第二句出现了转折，那我们又知道转折句后面的肯定比前面重要，所以接着往下看这句话。但是，看完这句话之后，我们不难发现，后一句话用了一个总结型的句子：“In short”，所以一下就能确定该段话的主题句就是后一句话。

掌握好这些判断主题句的方法能帮我们更快地确定雅思阅读段落主题，并节约雅思阅读时间，有更多精力放在做题上。在雅思阅读中能快速地帮我们解答的配对题，主旨题等!希望广大考生也能积总结积累，不断进步。

雅思阅读重要的标点符号

冒号

冒号在英文中有两大用法：一是用在一个正式的引用前面，二是列出表示列举、解释和说明性的词语。比如在剑六TEST2篇文章的A段中，首句是这样表达的：

In fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: “The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favored.”冒号后的内容是一句正式引语，并对冒号前的politics进行了具体的阐述说明，因此，冒号后的内容是本段的主题句，强调的引号内的democratic一词，所以在本篇个题型List of Heading中，本段的选项为A successful exercise in people power.

在剑桥四Test 4第三篇阅读文章The Problem of Scarce Resources中个题型依旧是List of Heading。文章section c段首句如下：

'However, at exactly the same time as this new realization of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in, an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies: that people have a basic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life.'冒号后面的内容对前半句的an awareness of a contrary kind进行了具体的解释说明，因此冒号后面的内容就是解题的重点。在冒号后面提出了health-care与right的关系，所以这个段的段落大意选择选项I The connection between health-care and other human rights.

括号

括号在英文中可以用来表示其中插入的或附加的解释成分，这个插入成分可以是单词、词组或句子。例如在剑五TEST1篇文章Johnson’s Dictionary中，题号为5的summary即考察的就是文中括号内的内容。该题为：

Johnson did not have a ……..available to him, but eventually produced definitions of in excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large notebooks. 根据题中的定位词80 large notebooks, 考生可找到文章第六段首句” The work was immense; filling about eighty large notebooks 【and without a library to hand】, Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words, and……..”考生根据所填题目前的did not have体现的否定关系以及不定冠词a, 可预判答案选词为可数名词单数，并且体现为否定关系。通过阅读，可确定答案为文章中括号内的单词library.

问号

雅思阅读中的问号，多数情况下用在设问句之后。设问句，即没有疑问而故意自问自答，作者的目的在于引起读者的注意和思考，能够引起文章的跌宕起伏。因此，多数情况下， 如果在段首位置出现了问号，该句即为该段的主旨句。如剑六TEST1篇文章“Australia’s Sporting Success”的首段：

They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. 前两句为描述性语句，第三句问句How do they do it?后的自问自答引出了本段甚至本文的中心内容。

破折号

雅思阅读中的破折号后的内容，通常是对主句中的某个单词或短语的修饰或解释说明。破折号写法上共有两种，一种为两个破折号搭配使用，两破折号中间部分为细节即—……—，而第二种情况为—…….的情况。如剑四TEST3第二篇文章：

Volcanoes-earth-shattering news”中Section C第二段首句：Sometimes it is slow: vast bubbles of magma-molten rock from the mantle-inch towards the surface…… 两个破折号中的molten rock from the mantle是在解释破折号之前的名词magma.

破折号中的部分正好对应19题的题干：What is the name given to molten rock from the mantle? 因此答案为magma。依旧在Section C第四段中， 第四行and you can see the rough outlines of what are called tectonic plates-the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle.破折号后的the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle是在解释破折号前的tectonic plates. 此句与18题题干What are the sections of the earth’s crust, often associated with volcanic activity, called?相对应。