托福口语一二题要举例子吗
发布时间:2022-05-13 16:39:34托福口语一二题要举例子吗
托福口语一二题要举例子吗?很多考生反馈托福口语中task1、2中很难想到好的例子。
今天我们就来讨论一下,在托福口语中要想说出"好例子"该怎么表达?
事实上,“好的例子”包含这样两个方面的特质:其一是足够的细致,“请你喝东西”和“请你喝一杯美式热咖啡”给人的感受是大不相同的。其二是要足够的一致,也就是说例子与其论述的话题要在论证方向上完美一致。"好例子"的表达方式可以分为:定义、阐述、举例、细分、背景、总结、原因、结果、类比还有名言。以下我们会用几个题目来解析托福口语"好例子"该怎么说?
“定义”其实就是对话题当中的某个概念【往往就是在口语题中提及的话题词】所做的简要说明,展开讨论,塑造观点。范例如下:
Talk about a skill or ability that youconsider especially important for a student to have. Use details and examplesto explain your answer.
——TPO 19
参考答案:
I used to have trouble with doing homeworkwhen I was a young child because I did not make enough time for it. I wanted toplay with my friends, and I delayed homework until the last minute. Therefore,I believe that time organization makes up on important skill for a studentbecause this ability helps reduce procrastination. Procrastination is the enemyof the student, lowering both the quality of the work and the volume of the work. If a student can find a way to plan his/her activities throughout the dayand adhere strictly to this to-do-list, he/she will defeat procrastination andfind a way to improve effectiveness and live a fulfilling life.
《新托福真题详解——口语分卷【第一册第二版】》
“阐述”是对于观点的进一步解释说明。当观点有值得被说明特点/特质/起源时,常使用该方法促使读者更清楚地了解观点。范例如下:
Some people enjoy taking risks and tryingnew things. Others are not adventurous: they are cautious and prefer to avoiddanger. Which behavior do you think is better? Explain why.
——TPO 8
参考答案:
While it is difficult to say what iscorrect in every situation, I believe that being cautious is a better behaviorthan being daring and adventurous. The win-big or lose-big mentality of riskypeople is dangerous; if they win big a few times, they start to think that theycan win more. This can continue until they lose big. Cautious people are more stablein most areas of life. And cautious people are the ones who start the moststable families, and they are more reliable, etc.
《新托福真题详解——口语分卷【第一册第二版】》
“举例”是当抽象化事物【较为概括】的特质通过某些具体事物【较为详尽】表现出来时。举例是口语中最常用到的论证方式。范例如下:
Some people believe that television has hada positive influence on society. Others believe it has had a negative influenceon society. Which do you agree with and why? Use details and examples toexplain your opinion.
——TPO 1
参考答案:
I believe that television has had a mainlypositive effect on society. Television is one of the best ways to conveyinformation to many people. For example, news programs are easy to watch andallow people to effortlessly stay up-to-date with current events. Televisionnews programs cover everything from local events to worldwide news, and arevery convenient for people to watch before or after work. In addition, I thinkthat television is good for family life. Families can often sit together andwatch television, and in a time when teenagers rebel against their parents andseek independence, TV offers a nice way for family members to stay close to oneother.
《新托福真题详解——口语分卷【第一册第二版】》
“细分”就是把一个大的讨论范围【合集】按照某个标准划分为若干小的讨论范围【子集】,它很实用,既可以用于从总论点划分出分论点,也可以用于将分论点展开成主体段时做拆分。在口语中,分成两个子论点的情况较为常见。有鉴于答题时间,我们一般会觉得细分三点就会显得比较局促了。范例如下:
Some college students choose to takecourses in a variety of subject areas in order to get a broad education. Otherschoose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeperunderstanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think isbetter for students and why?
——TPO 2
参考答案:
To me, college should both broaden anddeepen one’s knowledge. I think that at the beginning of college, perhaps forthe first and second year students, it is good to receive a broad education.Taking a wide range of courses allows these students to become knowledgeableabout many subjects and makes them better-rounded. Once students decide on amajor, focusing on that single subject is the best, as this will allow them totruly excel in the field they choose to enter.
《新托福真题详解——口语分卷【第一册第二版】》
“背景”讨论的是比主体对象更大的东西,对主体对象起到支持或支撑作用。一般有两种提供背景的方法。第一种是较为严格意义上的扩大讨论范围,通过说明“整体”所具有的性质来论证“部分【实际论证对象】”也自然具有同一性质。第二种是提供一个关系稍显松散,只是对要论证的对象有铺垫作用的大的背景信息。口语之中也很常见。范例如下:
Talk about an important experience that yourecently had. Describe what happened and explain why it was important toyou.
——TPO 9
参考答案:
I recently spent a year studying abroad inChina, and I found the experience to be engaging and worthwhile. Living alonein a foreign country allowed me to be truly independent for a year, and I feellike I have matured greatly from the experience. I now know how to bettermanage my money, how to plan my days out, and more. In addition, my Chinesespeaking ability has improved dramatically. Using Chinese to speak to peoplearound me every day helped my Chinese improve a lot, so the effects of my Chinatrip are still with me every day.
托福口语指导复习方法
很多同学其实在备考托福口语考试的时候,其实不知道该怎么来备考?今天就为大家整理了一些复习方法,指导大家更好地来完成口语的备考。并且为大家整理了一些口语备考中误区,让大家更好地认识托福口语。
托福口语不等于口语
很多同学都在还有一两个月就要考试的时候来问我如何提高口语交流水平,希望能够“跟老外自然流畅交流”,还有同学问我背美剧台词、大量看BBC或CNN等节目有没有用。
肯定的说,有用。但是只是对练习“口语”有用,而对练习“托福口语”是没有用的。
没错,托福口语不等于口语。口语练习是个长久战,长期让自己浸泡在语言环境中当然百利而无一害。
但是你要明确你的目标是什么,如果你的目标清晰明确,就是要在短期内提高托福考试中口语部分的成绩,那么以上的方法就完全药不对症了。所以你需要知道口语到底考的是什么。
托福口语考试内容
托福口语考试需要你证明你的口语表达能力足以应对留学过程中以下这三种最主要的场合:日常交流、校园生活、课上学术。
托福口语考试共包含6个tasks,专为这三种场合设计了三类题型:Personal Experiences and Preferences, Campus situations, Academic Courses.
Personal Experiences and Preferences
这类题型说的是Task 1和Task 2, 就是我们通常说的Independent tasks【独立口语题目】, 共有三种类型的问题:开放式题目、三选一题目、二选一题目。这三种问题都是围绕生活中遇到的常见话题展开。考试时在题目打出文字,读出题目之后,考生会有15秒的准备时间,然后45秒的回答时间。比较传统的简单的题型是围绕人物、事件、地点和物品四种类型展开,2016年以来日益多见针对某件事情给出建议和描述个人爱好的题型,难度有所加大,扣分压分力度亦有所增强。对于这类题型,同学们要多关注生活中常见的话题,多练free talk,即开放式的练习描述你身边的所见所闻。
Campus Situations
这类题型说的是Task 3和Task 5,就是我们通常说的综合口语题目中的校园生活类题型。
其中,Task 3是考生先看一遍校园公告或者公开信讲述校园将要发生的一个变化,并给出发生此变化的两个原因,然后听到一篇一男一女的对话,其中一个人提出同意或者反对阅读中提出的变化,并给出两个理由。之后考生有30秒的准备时间和60秒的回答时间,概括阅读中提到的“变化”的主要内容,听力中主说的态度及其两个理由。
Task 5是考生听一段一男一女的对话,描述生活中遇到的一个困难及两个相应的解决方案。之后考生有20秒的准备时间和60秒的回答时间。与第三题不同的是,在考生复述完听力中的概况之后,需要增加自己的个人建议,帮助听力中遇到困难的人从两个解决方案中选择一个,并给出理由。
Academic Courses
这类题型说的是Task 4和Task 6, 就是我们通常说的综合口语题目中的学术讲座类型题。在题目中考生会听到教授在课上讲座的一个片段。
其中,Task 4是考生先看针对某一个学科术语的描述性文章【即阅读部分】,然后再听教授对这个术语进行的举例解释【即听力部分】。之后,学生有30秒的准备时间和60秒的回答时间概括阅读和听力中的主要内容【不需要增加个人观点】。
Task 6是考生直接听一篇讲座片段,教授先对某一现象做一个基本概述,然后用两个对称的例子对现象进行解释。听完听力之后考生有20秒的准备时间和60秒的回答时间复述听力中的主要内容【同样不需要增加个人观点】。
托福口语时间怎样合理分配
第1题:准备15秒,说45秒。
第2题:准备15秒,说45秒。
第3题:阅读+听力,讨论学校方面的话题,不需要加入自己观点。读45s,听60s,准备30s,说60s。
第4题:阅读+讲座,教授套用例子,不需要加入自己观点。读45s,听60s---90s,准备30秒,说60秒。
第5题:听力,总结问题,出主意,要自己选观点说体验。听60-90秒,准备20s,说60s。
第6题:讲座,复述一遍教授的总分总结构,不需要自己的观点。听60-90s,准备20s,说60秒。
对于那些刚刚接触托福口语的同学们来说,口语部分也许是比较难啃的一块大肉。由于国内的应试教育,导致了很多人学的都是‘哑巴英语“面对托福口语使他们不知道说什么从何说起。这就需要我们在平时的时候加强对话题的拓展和训练。
读/听/说题目和听/说题目都要求考生充分理解相关的题目材料,对考生的口语能力和临场应变能力较高。每道题目回答时间不超过一分钟,这要求考生的语言运用要高度归纳并精练准确。
TOEFL 口语考试是电脑录音,评判者是通过听录音来做分数评估的,所以,说得快未必是件好事,说得清楚才是重点。考虑到评卷者可能会产生的听觉疲劳,所以考生们表述时不要一味求快,而要注意断句、重音和语调。
托福口语考试的第一题和第二题是独立口语任务,大家需要做的是就用自己的经历或想法来回答问题。题目主要涉及日常生活和一些社会现象,准备时间15秒,答题时间45秒。从时间上看,15秒的准备,这么短的时间根本无法让考生酝酿出好的答案来,所以要想在这两个题目上获得高分,预先的素材准备也是必不可少的。
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