如何猜测托福阅读中陌生词汇的词义

如何猜测托福阅读中陌生词汇的词义？

一、利用构词法猜测词义【利用前、后缀及合成词猜词义】1、用前、后缀猜测词义英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多，且特定的缀往往表示特定的含义，把握住这一点，可起到以不变应万变的效果。1】He had been overworking and fell ill at last.overwork是由前缀over-加动词构成，over有"超过、过于"之意，overwork意思是"工作过多，劳累过度"。再如，overburden负担过重，overcharge要价过高，overdo做得过分。英语中常用的前缀还有：mis-错，误：misfortune不幸;mislead误导;mismanage处理不当mid-中央：midnight半夜;midway半路under-低于：underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估anti-反对：antibody抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂下面划线单词为常见后缀派生词：1】You must stop dreaming and face reality.【-ty为名词的标志】2】The country is trying to popularize education. 【-ize为及物动词的标志，再如realize, modernize】2、利用合成词猜测词义。Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.根据短语构成及上下文意思看，此处partakes in相当于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak【名词爆发】，set out-outset【名词起始】，come in-income【名词收入】 。

二、利用上下文线索猜测词义1、根据同义、反义关系猜词Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happytraditional与liberal意思相反，故选B。2、根据句意或段落文章的上、下文猜测词义Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playingtogether with them or laughed at them.A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated根据下文的disliked playing together with them判断此处应为"感到孤立"，故选D。

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