托福阅读推理题技巧

托福阅读推理题技巧

托福阅读备考我们需要掌握大量的词汇以及长难句的理解和一些背景材料，如果勤练习真题加上方法技巧，相信大家会有不错的收获。

一、 推理题的标志

推理题的题干中一般含有infer, imply, most likely, least likely, probably等词，分为有共性的推理题和无共性的推理题两大类。

二、 推理题的做法

对于无共性的推理题，也就是题干中无线索的，一般使用排除法，即根据各个选项的关键词回原文定位，通过排除法得出正确答案。

对于有共性的推理题，也就是题干中有线索的，建议考生可以先圈定题干中的关键词，根据关键词回原文定位，然后进行推理。推理题主要有下列思路：

1. 一般对比推理

ETS设计推理题的手段不多，根据两个事物的对比特征出题是其中之一。问其中一个事物的特征时，只要将与之形成对比的另一个事物的特征否定掉就可以了。

例如：

It should be obvious that cetaceans, whales, porpoises, and dolphins are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds 【seals, sea lions, and walruses whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea】, it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?

A. It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like.

B. There were great numbers of them.

C. They lived in the sea only.

D. They did not leave many fossil remains.

2. 时间对比推理

这种思路常被考到。在这种推理中，一般有两个形成对比的时间段，它们所具有的特征一般相反。当题干问一个时间段的特征时，只要将与之相反的时间段的特征否定掉就可以了。

例：

Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth….

…It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western

托福阅读速度提升的练习方法

备考托福阅读考试过程中，速度问题是大家不容忽视的问题。那么具体的练习中，哪些方法可以帮助大家来提高速度呢?为大家整理了相关的内容，供大家参考练习。

快速泛读【fast extensive reading】

这里讲的泛读是指广泛阅读大量涉及不同领域的文章，要求读得快，理解和掌握文中的主要内容就可以。要确定一个明确的阅读定额，定额要结合自己的实际，可多可少，例如每天读20页。

计时阅读【timed reading】

计时阅读每次进行5～10分钟即可，不宜太长。因为计时快速阅读，精力高度集中，时间一长，容易疲劳，精力分散反而乏味。

寻读【Scanning】

寻读又称查读，同略读一样，寻读也是一种快速阅读技巧。寻读是一种从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息，如人物、事件、时间、地点、数字等，而对其它无关部分略去不读的快速阅读方法。

略读【skimming】

略读又称跳读【reading and skipping】或浏览【glancing】，是一种专门的，非常实用的快速阅读技能。

略读有下列几个特点：

A. 以极快的速度阅读文章，寻找字面上或事实上的主要信息和少量的阐述信息。

B. 可以跳过某个部分或某些部分不读。

C. 理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。

托福阅读倒装句类型解析

托福阅读中的倒装句，通常也是考察的知识点。倒装句的类型也比较多，大家如何能够练就火眼金睛，快速识破倒装句呢?为大家整理了具体的内容，供大家参考学习。

1.方位副词放在句首

Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine.

2.介词放在句首

Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young are common murres, Atlantic puffins, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets.

3.形容词放在句首

Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well： that the medium has c**ain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony.

4.过去分词放在句

Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.

5.现在分词放在句首

Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.

托福阅读倒装句的目的主要有两个：

一.是被提前的部分被强调，如上述的第四句：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，其中的accustomed按照正常语序应该放在are之后：Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”。之所以将accustomed提前，是为了强调它。

二.是为了句子的平衡，否则将导致头重脚轻的效果，如上述的第一句、第三句和第五句。以第五句为例，按照正常语序应该是：Fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans were missing until recently。但是这种句子结构比较糟糕，因为主语及其修饰语过长【从句首直到cetaceans】，而谓语部分were missing until recently较短，容易造成头重脚轻的效果。

新托福阅读背景知识分享

托福阅读中，影响大家阅读速度的，其实还是对文章的理解，对于一些专业性比较强或者偏门的文章，会大大影响我们的速度和做题的时间的。因此在备考的过程中，大家可以多了解一些相关的背景知识，供大家参考。

Lava

Lava is magma that breaks the surface and erupts from a volcano. If the magma is very fluid, it flows rapidly down the volcano’s slopes. Lava that is stickier and less fluid moves slower. Lava flows that have a continuous, smooth, ropy, or billowy surface are called pahoehoe 【pronounced path HOH eel hob eel】 flows; while a 【pronounced ah ah】 flows have a jagged surface composed of loose, irregularly shaped lava chunks. Once cooled, pahoehoe forms smooth rocks, while a a forms jagged rocks. The words pahoehoe and a are Hawaiian terms that describe the texture of the lava. Lava may also be described in terms of its composition and the type of rock it forms. Basalt, andesitic, decides, and hyalite is all different kinds of rock that form from lava. Each type of rock, and the lava from which it forms, contains a different amount of the compound silicon dioxide. Basaltic lava has the least amount of silicon dioxide, andesitic and deictic lava have medium levels of silicon dioxide, while holistic lava has the most.