托福口语常用句式

托福口语常用句式

托福口语考试中，会经常遇到比较的情况，这就需要比较句型来表达。那么在托福口语考试中究竟有哪些比较句型比较常用呢?

1. She is no less diligent than her elder sister. 她和她姐姐一样用功。

2. One minute too late is no more in time than half an hour 【is】. 迟到一分钟与迟到半小时同样是不准时。

3. His strength is superior to mine. 他的力气比我大。

4. Colored people are by no means inferior to white people. 有色人种丝毫不比白人低劣。

5. My arrival in New York is posterior to that of my friend. 我比我朋友后到纽约。

6. We love truth above everything else. 我们热爱真理甚与一切。

7. It is worth next to nothing. 那几乎一钱不值。

8. How could he compare with Bill Gates? 他怎能同比尔相比呢?

9. Easier said than done. 说易做难。

10. I like that best of all / least of all. 我最喜欢/不喜欢那个。

11. I can’t think of a better idea. 我想不出比这个更好的了。

12. No other book has had a greater influence on my life. 任何其它的书对我一生的影响都没有这本书大。

13. Nothing is so easy as this. 没有比这更容易的事了。

14. The more a men knows, the more he discovers his ignorance. 一个人懂得越多，越发现自己无知。

15. So much the worse. 更加不妙。

16. Better late than never. 迟做比不做好。

17. Better to do well than to say well. 说得好不如做得好。

18. I would sooner die than do such a thing. 我宁死不做此事。

19. Wise men love truth, whereas fools shun it. 聪明人热爱真理，而愚人逃避真理。

20. I would do anything before that. 我什么都肯做，就是不愿做那件事。

托福口语答题要点

听懂态度： 通过倾听语调、强调和选词，尽力听懂讲话人的态度。当您回答问题时，它将帮助您表述其中一个讲话人的观点。

阅读文章： 为了帮助您准备回答阅读的问题，例如阅读一篇短文后提取包含文章要点的简要提纲。然后使用该提纲归纳信息，准备口头问答。

对话交谈： 经常练习您的会话演讲技巧 。尽可能与母语使用者交谈，或者参加用英语进行讨论话题的俱乐部。

使用课本练习： 基于学术内容练习回答问题，找一本每章结尾提出相关问题的课本。然后练习口头回答这些问题。

做笔记： 请注意：您可以在综合口语测试的阅读和听资料过程中做笔记。练习做笔记将帮助您准备考试，同时也是国外留学的一项重要技能!

TASK 1

1. 一个主题句， 三点理由， 其中一点举例

2. 举例越具体越好

3. 题目分话题准备， 每类话题准备一个45秒回答【录音】

TASK 2

1. 主题句表明倾向性， 两点理由充分陈述

2. 其中一点理由加上A/B的优缺点比较

3. 结尾的Conclusion sentence 不强求

TASK 3

1. 针对问题活用三段式的模版， 可以从模版第二段开始

2. 阅读段落和听力段落描述时间比例约为1:2

3. 半数问题可能只针对听力段落提问， 回答可不提阅读段落

TASK 4

1. 用两三句话概括阅读段落大意， 重点在听力段落描述

2. 阅读段落中有提到， 但没有在听力段落中提到的信息， 答题时可以不说

3. 半数问题可能只针对听力段落提问， 回答可不提阅读段落， 引用概念即可

TASK 5

这个题是综合题中相对最简单的一道，因为第二题已经反复练习了Choice 的考法，无非是多了听力，但第五题难度表现在20s 准备时间里，要求对听力内容及Choice 大致信息的构建，技巧在Choice 理由的选择上，由于此时题目未要求采用Choice 题中preference, A/D, 还是comparison 题型，建议采用comparison 题型构建思路，也就是支持自己观点的同时，对反对观点也进行陈述。分别找一个理由就够了，这样就能省下很多的准备时间。

TASK 6

第六题的考点比较难，没有太多的技巧，所以同学们应该更多的是去思考怎么考。通常这类题是从两至三个角度出发来说明问题，因此同学们要掌握大致的思路，把握住主体，然后再进行回答。

托福口语语料库

On education of Character论性格的教育

When it is sought to produce a certain kind of behavior in a child or animal, there are two different techniques which may be followed. We may, on the one hand, by means of rewards and punishmentscause the child or animal to perform or abstain from certain precise acts; or we may, on the other hand,seek to produce in the child or animal such emotions as will lead, on the whole, to acts of the kind desired.

如果想在儿童或动物身上产生某种行为，可以有两种不同的方法。一方面，我们可以用奖罚的方法来使儿童或动物执行或回避某种明确的行为;另外一方面，我们也可以努力在儿童或动物身上产生能够在整体上导向被期望行为的感情。

By a suitable distribution of rewards and punishments, it is possible to control a very large part of overt behavior. By this method boys who are naturally timid can acquire physical courage, and children who are sensitive to pain can be taught a stoical endurance. Good manners, if not imposed earlier, can be learnt in adolescence by means of no worse punishment than the contemptuous lifting of an eyebrow. What is called ‘good form’ is acquired by almost all who are exposed to it, merely from fear of the bad opinion incurred by infringing it. Those who have been taught from an early age to fear the displeasure of their group as the worst of misfortunes will die on the battlefield, in a war of which they understand nothing, rather than suffer the contempt of fools.

通过对奖励和惩罚的适当分配，大量外在的行为是可以被控制的。通过这种方法，生来胆小的男孩能够养成生理上的勇气，对疼痛敏感的孩子可以变得能仍受疼痛。好的举止如果在孩童时期没有灌输进去，青春期仍可以学到，而且只需轻蔑的一抬眉毛这样并不严重的惩罚手段。所谓‘好样的’行为，几乎每个耳濡目染的人都可以养成，因为他害怕违反它招来非议。 那些从小就被教导要把圈内的不悦视为最大不幸的人们，即使面对的是他们一点都不理解的战争，也宁愿战死沙场，而不愿受愚人的白眼。

As a social force, the behaviorist method of ‘conditioning’ is therefore very powerful and very successful. It can and does cause men to act in ways quite different from those in which they would otherwise have acted, and it is capable of producing an impressive uniformity of overt behavior. Nevertheless, it has its limitations. 【之前全部是让步，这里Nevertheless 后面才开始进入文章要探讨的核心】

因此，作为一种社会力量，行为主义的‘条件作用’的方法是非常有力，非常成功的。它能够而且确实使人们的行为方式大不同于那些未经此法教育的人们的行为方式，它所能带来的外在行为的一致性也确实令人惊叹。不过，它也有它的局限。

It was through Freud that these limitations first became known in a scientific manner, though men of psychological insight had long ago perceived them in an intuitive way. For our purposes, the essential discovery of psycho-analysis is this: that an impulse which is prevented, by behaviorist methods, form finding overt expression in action, does not necessarily die, but is driven underground, and finds some new outlet which has not been inhibited by training. Often the new outlet will be more harmful than the one that has been prevented, and in any case the deflection involves emotional disturbance and unprofitable expenditure of energy. It is therefore necessary to pay more attention to emotion, as opposed to overt behavior, than is done by those who advocate conditioning as alone sufficient in the training of character. 【文章主旨在这里：需要对情感给予更多的关注】

通过弗洛伊德，人们破天荒地可以用科学的态度来认识这些局限了，虽然它们在很久以前就被心理学家的直觉所洞察到了。就我们的目的而论，心理分析的发现的要点是：被行为主义的方法阻止而无法获得公开表现的冲动，并不一定会死去，而是转入了下意识，并会找到未在奖罚中受到禁止的新的发泄渠道。通常新的渠道比被堵住的渠道更加有害，而且总会带来情绪上的紊乱和精力上的浪费。因此，有必要对与外在行为相对的情感因素予以更多的关注，那些主张条件作用对培养性格就足够的人们在这方面是做的不够的。

There are, moreover, some undesirable habits in regard to which the method of rewards and punishments fails completely, even form its own point of view. 【进一步论述，仅仅使用赏罚的手段去培养习惯是失败的】One of these is bed-wetting. When this persists beyond the age at which it usually stops,punishment only makes it more obstinate. Although this fact has long been known to psychologists, it is still unknown to most schoolmasters, who for years on end punish boys having this habit, without ever noticing that the punishment does not produce reform. The cause of the habit, in older boys, is usually some deep-seated unconscious psychological disturbance, which must be brought to the surface before a cure can be effected.

另外，奖罚法用来对付有些不好的习惯时是完全失败的，甚至从奖罚法自身的观点看也是如此。尿床就是这样一个习惯。如果孩子过了通常应该不再尿床的年龄仍在尿床，惩罚只会使尿床更难治愈。虽然心理学家早就知道了这个事实，它仍不为多数教师所知，他们年复一年地惩罚那些尿床的孩子，却从未注意到这并不起作用。在较为年长的孩子中，这一习惯常常是由深层的无意识的心理紊乱所引起的，只有认清这一点，治疗才会有效。

The same kind of psychological mechanism applies in many less obvious instance. In the case of definite nervous disorders this is now widely recognized. 【进一步举证无法通过奖赏和惩罚的手段来处理的，由心理机制引发的问题】Kleptomania, for example, is not uncommon in children, and, unlike ordinary thieving, it cannot be cured by punishment, but only by ascertaining and removing its psychological cause. What is less recognized is that we all suffer, to a greater or less degree, from nervous disorders having an emotional origin. A man is called sane when he is as sane as the average of his contemporaries; but in the average man many of the mechanisms which determine his opinions and actions are quite fantastic, so much so that in a world of real sanity they would be called insane. It is dangerous to produce good social behavior by means which leave the anti-social emotions untouched. So long as these emotions, while persisting, are denied all outlet, they will grow stronger and stronger, leading to impulses of cruelty which will at last become irresistible. In the man of weak will, these impulses may break out in crime, or insome form of behavior to which social penalties are attached. In the man of strong will, they take even more undesirable forms. He may be a tyrant in the home, ruthless in business, bellicose in politics, persecuting in his social morality; for all these qualities other men with similar defects of character will admire him; he will die universally respected, after having spread hatred and misery over a city, a nation, or an epoch according to his ability and his opportunities. Correct behavior combined with bad emotions is not enough, therefore, to make a man a contributor to the happiness of mankind. If this is our criterion of desirable conduct, something more must be sought in the education of character.

同样的心理机制也适用于许多不那么显著的例子。在明确的神经失常的情形中，这一点已得到广泛的认同。 例如，盗窃癖在孩子中并不少见;它与通常意义上的盗窃的不同之处在于，治愈它不能通过惩罚，而只能通过查明和消除它的心理诱因。人们认识不足的是，我们都或多或少地有点神经失调，这种失调有着情感上的根源。如果一个人与他同时代的普通人一样甚至健全，他就会被认为是神智健全的人;但在一个普通人那里，决定他言行的许多机制也是非常莫名其妙的，所以这样的人在一个真正神智健全的世界里仍要被认作是神智不健全的人。想不触动反社会的情感而产生良好的社会行为，是很危险的。 只要这些情感还存在，就不能堵死他们的所有出口，否则他们将会越来越强烈，最终导致无法抗拒的残酷冲动。在意志坚强的人那里，这些冲动可能爆发为犯罪，或其他社会必须予以处罚的行为。在意志坚强的人那里，则可能表现为更坏的形式。他可能在家中是个暴君，在商业中是个无情者，在政治上是个好斗者，在社会道德的意义上是个迫害狂;所有这些品格都会使他受到与他具有相似性格缺陷的人们的羡慕;他播下的仇恨和不幸遍及一座城市，一个国家，甚至一个时代---这取决于他的能力和机遇;他在死亡时会受到普遍的尊重。因此，一个人光有适当的行为，如果他有一颗坏心，是不足以对人类的幸福有所贡献的。如果衡量好的行为的标准是人类的幸福，就需要在性格教育中作出更多的努力。