新托福阅读题型分析与答题技巧

2015新托福阅读题型分析与答题技巧

托福阅读技巧主要的目的是帮助托福考生把握托福阅读的主旨句，了解出题人的意图，从而把握答题技巧。托福阅读文章的逻辑结构非常完整，考生一般需要重点阅读段落的开头、结尾，以及转折句，就可以了解文章的大致内容。1. Making good choicesKnow your strengths and weaknesses and choose your books accordingly.2. ConnectingLink to things you already know about this topic; connect tosimilar things in your experience.3. QuestioningAsk questions to give your reading purpose and direction.4. PredictingMake some quick guesses about what you'll be reading.5. Reading with the right level of detailChange your reading style based on what you're reading.6. Monitoring comprehensionStop! Pay attention! Do you understand what you're reading?7. Fixing broken comprehensionIf you don't understand whatyou're reading, don't just sit there.DO SOMETHING TO SOLVETHE PROBLEM!8. Developing fluencyRead smoothly and with expression; group words into chunks of meaning.9. VisualizingPicture the scene in your mind.10. Manipulating informationSummarize, categorize, prioritize, synthesize and organize information on your mental hard drive.11. Going below the surfaceLook beyond the words. Why are things happening? What could it mean?12. Building vocabularyThe more words you know, the more you'll understand of what you read.13. Navigating textLearn where to find everything you need in your book.当然，托福阅读技巧还是建立在考生大量的词汇积累以及语感之上的，如果仅仅想通过托福阅读技巧来大幅度提高托福阅读成绩，是不现实的。

托福阅读各题型答题技巧：托福阅读中的文章数量大约是3-5篇，每篇文章12-14题，如果全部文章都进行通读，是不可能实现的，所以，考生要针对托福阅读中的各个题型掌握相应的答题技巧。托福阅读各类题型特征及解题方法：1 词汇题问法：The word/phrase XXX is closest in meaning to____技巧：【1】首先看是否认识, 如果在认识, 在选项中找同义或近义词, 并代入原文检验【2】如果不认识,将4个选项代入原文, 看上下文是否合理【3】看原词所在句子前后2句, 找重复对应【4】如果悬想中有2个悬想都在上下文中合理,选择在含义上与原词沾边的词【5】选项中不认识的词不轻易去选做题顺序：看单词，看选项，原文验证注意：【1】不可能所有单词都认识【2】注意熟词僻义, 一定看完所有选项,并代回原文验证2 指代题问法：The word they/ their/ it/ its/ some in the passage refers to技巧：【1】单复数it找单数名词或名词性词组they找复数名词或名词性词组【2】在主从复合句, 并列句中, 后半句的代词主语优先指代前半句主语的核心词【有例外, 要从意义判断】【3】简单句中,代词优先指代主语核心词, 次之制代宾语核心词.【4】代词所在句子找不到合适的指代, 优先指代前一句主语, 次之指代后一句宾语【5】一句话中, 相同的代词指代相同3 直接事实题问法：According to the passage, what/ which/ why/ when?技巧：定位原文, 细读【1】题干明确定位 【如给出第几段, highlight】【2】 题干无明确定位A 找题干中人名, 地名, 物种名, 大写, 斜体, 数字年代, 符号.B 定位某一段, 再定位某一位置C 用核心名词定位4 infer题【需要准确理解】注意：既然是infer, imply, 就一定不是原文中明确说的技巧：【1】时间前后推理【2】排除法a 原文直接清楚描述的,排除b 与原文无关的新内容,排除【3】不要加入自己的观点5 举例说明概述题 【例子的作用】技巧：【1】重点不是例子本身, 而是举例子的目的及例子的服务对象【2】概述的同义改写就是答案6 EXCEPT列举题技巧：重视文中三个或三个以上的列举 【遇到的话就做笔记记下来---Sissi如是说】定位：核心关键词 such as n1, n2, n3………A, B, and/ or C.7 插入句子题逻辑关系, 上下文关系, 是否紧密,是否有跳跃技巧【1】待插入的句子中, 代词 this, these their, it, such, he, another 这些通常是上一句]提过的,所以才特指【2】因果, 转折等过渡词 therefore, so, however, as a result, consequently, on the contrary【3】递进扩展词 furthermore, also, as well, too, other, in addition, moreover, besides, even, additionally【4】结构配对词on the one hand…. On the other hand some…以上是托福阅读中常见的10类题型及解题办法，考生可以根据题型选择具体的答题方法，预祝大家都能取得理想的托福成绩！