托福阅读分类题型练习

托福阅读分类题型练习

托福阅读分类题型练习

BBS.TPOOO.COM

TOEFL 阅读讲义

1. 句子简化题

The Great Red Spot One distinctive feature of the planet Jupiter is the Great Red Spot, a massive oval of swirling reddish-brown clouds. Were Earth to be juxtaposed with the Great Red Spot, our planet would be dwarfed in comparison, with a diameter less than half that of the Great Red Spot. The Spot’s clouds, most likely tinted red as a result of the phosphorus that they contain, circulate in a counterclockwise direction. The outer winds require six Earth days to complete the circumference of the Great Red Spot, a length of time indicative of vastness of the Great Red Spot. 1. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The density of the Great Red spot is much higher than that the Earth. B. If the diameter of the Great Red Spot were doubled, it would equal that of the Earth. C. By placing the Earth next to the Great Red Spot, one could see the Earth has a much smaller diameter. D. Because the Earth is close to the Great Red Spot, Earth is influenced by its huge size. 答案：C 2.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The Earth’s outer winds move a distance equal to the circumference of the Great Red Spot. B. The outer winds of the Great Red Spot move more quickly than do those on Earth. C. The Winds moving across the Great Red Spot finally change direction every six Earth days. D. The fact that the winds take so long to move around the Great Red Spot proves how big it is. 答案：D

2

Passage One 【Question 1-2】 Camouflage Camouflage is one of the most effective ways for animals to avoid attack in the treeless Arctic. However, the summer and winter landscapes there are so diverse that a single protective coloring scheme would, of course, prove ineffective in one season or the other. Thus, many of the inhabitants of the Arctic tundra change their camouflage twice a year. The arctic fox is a clear-cut example of this phenomenon; it sports a brownish-gray coat in the summer which then turns white as cold weather sets in, and the process reverses itself in the springtime. Its brownish-gray coat blends in with the barren tundra landscape in the months without snow, and the white coat naturally blends in with the landscape of the frozen wintertime tundra. 1. Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the first highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. Opposite conditions in summer and in winter necessitate different protective coloration for Arctic animals. B. The coloration of the summer and winter landscapes in the Arctic fails to protect the Arctic tundra. C. In a single season, protective coloring scheme are ineffective in the treeless Arctic. D. For many animals, a single protective coloring scheme effectively protects them during summer and winter months. 答案：A 2. Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the second highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. A. The arctic fox is unusual in that he color of its coat changes for no reason. B. The arctic fox lives in an environment that is brownish gray in the summer and white in the winter. C. It is a phenomenon that the coat of the arctic fox turns white I the springtime and gray in the fall. D. The arctic fox demonstrates that protective coloration can change during different seasons. 答案：D Passage Two 【Question 3-6】 Post-it Notes

托福阅读题型分类及解法

托福阅读考试中，大家除了平时的练习和记忆，掌握相当的词汇量以外，对于各种题型的分类和解法也应了如指掌，只有了解了这一层才能在考试中得心应手，做到胸有成竹。托福阅读题型分类及解法”给大家作出整理，希望大家重视。

托福阅读题型分类及解法

1 信息归类题

特点：

【1】通常文章采用对比写法。

【2】有无用的选项。

关键：排除无用选项。

同学们在复习时可以分类练习，这样可以培养对每一类题型的敏锐感以及加快解题速度。

2 指代题

问法：The word they/ their/ it/ its/ some in the passage refers to

技巧：

【1】单复数

it找单数名词或名词性词组。

they找复数名词或名词性词组。

【2】在主从复合句, 并列句中, 后半句的代词主语优先指代前半句主语的核心词【有例外, 要从意义判断】。

【3】简单句中,代词优先指代主语核心词, 次之制代宾语核心词。

【4】代词所在句子找不到合适的指代, 优先指代前一句主语, 次之指代后一句宾语。

【5】一句话中, 相同的代词指代相同。

3 直接事实题

问法：According to the passage, what/ which/ why/ when?

技巧：定位原文, 细读。

4 infer题【需要精确理解】

注意：既然是infer, imply, 就一定不是原文中明确说的。

技巧：

【1】时间前后推理。

【2】排除法。

【3】不要加入自己的观点。

5 举例说明概述题 【例子的作用】

技巧：

【1】重点不是例子本身, 而是举例子的目的及例子的服务对象。

【2】概述的同义改写就是答案。

6 EXCEPT列举题

技巧：重视文中三个或三个以上的列举 【遇到的话就做笔记记下来---Sissi如是说】。

定位：核心关键词 such as n1, n2, n3………A, B, and/ or C.

7 插入句子题

技巧

【1】待插入的句子中, 代词 this, these their, it, such, he, another 这些通常是上一句]提过的,所以才特指。

【2】因果, 转折等过渡词 therefore, so, however, as a result, consequently, on the contrary.

【3】递进扩展词 furthermore, also, as well, too, other, in addition, moreover, besides, even, additionally.

【4】结构配对词on the one hand…. On the other handsome…others.

【5】关键同义词重复出现的名词、副词、形容词。

8 句子要点题

问法：which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence.

错误选项：

【1】 有新内容, 或有相反内容。

【2】 遗漏了原文中重要信息。

9 全文总结题

【1】注意段首句, 注意自己归纳总结。

【2】关注文章结构,特别是先总后分式。

10 词汇题

问法：The word/phrase XXX is closest in meaning to____

技巧：

【1】首先看是否认识, 如果在认识, 在选项中找同义或近义词, 并代入原文检验。

【2】如果不认识,将4个选项代入原文, 看上下文是否合理。

【3】看原词所在句子前后2句, 找重复对应。

【4】如果悬想中有2个悬想都在上下文中合理,选择在含义上与原词沾边的词。

【5】选项中不认识的词不轻易去选。

做题顺序：

看单词，看选项，原文验证。

托福TPO阅读题型分类

托福TPO阅读题型之细节题、推论提、词汇题：

托福TPO阅读题型中细节题、推论题和词汇题出现频率较高。

特别是推论题还是把考察难度不仅仅局限于了字面的含义里面，把考点拉伸到了言下之意的理解，更是对于学员词句能力的深度考察。而且频率很高。

词汇题和细节题相对还是考察字面意思，相对简单。

托福TPO阅读题型分类之句子简化题、文本插入题：

句子简化题和文本插入题出现频率大概每篇各有1题。

句子简化题单纯是找一个和原文中句子同意改写的选项，故仅仅考察了句子的解析能力，而这个能力本身就是非常基本的能力，尽管偶尔出现难度较高的待匹配原文，但是也是程度可控制。

文本插入题的难度高于句子简化题，倒不是因为本身的句子很难，而是考试形式对应到我们的母语语文考试中，并无任何的对应，所以学员普遍在转换思路层面上显得非常的被动。因此，大部分该类题的错误都是来自于思路的转换层面的。

托福TPO阅读题型分类之修辞目的题、推论题：

修辞目的题跟推论题同属于考察言下之意的题型，就是答案不来自于题干定位的原文句的直接翻译，而要在问题的方向上进行逻辑加工。

托福TPO阅读题型分类之小结题、图表题：

最难的还是小结题和图表题，相对于其他题目来说，不论是简单的字面翻译还是需要进行一步推理的考察言下之意的题型。这两道题，都不是单单通过题干的定位句就可以分析得出的。反而是需要针对全文进行一个整合理解。在处理步骤上是需要跟随老师学习才能熟练的。因为，如果单纯的把这个全文阅读下来，这个时间，按照托福实际考试时间是肯定不够的。所以，需要把这个全篇的理解整合到之前的题目一起，进行流程的优化。

托福阅读真题分享

托福阅读考试日期：

2018年10月13日

新托福阅读题目回忆：

讲荷兰在17世纪通过trade创造了很多就业机会，特别是捕鱼，荷兰人有specialized fleet用于捕鱼，并且会有mother ship提供生活物资来保证fleet能在海上待更久，荷兰人还尽可能保证它们捕到的鱼的quality，比如会用最好的盐等等。因为它们的品质实在太好所以一些靠近海自己能够捕鱼的国家也愿意进口荷兰的鱼。捕鱼给荷兰人提供了很多机会，不光是直接捕鱼的，还有造船的，生产rope的，运输捕来的鱼去各个market的，数不清的就业机会。又说到捕whale，因为后来open sea的whale越来越少，所以他们又改进设备还不知道怎么【忘了】，使得能够去更困难的地方捕whale。