托福阅读需要先读文章吗

托福阅读需要先读文章吗

首先，托福阅读的时间限制需要考生快速阅读和答题

很多托福考生都说，也许在托福阅读中，最影响人的实力发挥的恐怕就是要求考生平均20分钟读完一篇文章和回答之后的题目。托福阅读不同于CET4，CET6，与高考也是有区别的，因为这些都是大约4-5篇阅读，20题。因此很多同学在一开始做托福阅读的时候，十分不适应托福阅读的时间限制，有的人甚至在考前都没有克服这个问题。所以为了高效答题，考生是不可能细读托福阅读整篇文章的。

其次，托福阅读的题目也不需要考生读全文

熟悉托福阅读考试的考生知道，托福阅读部分往往是根据文章内容顺序出题，一般每个段落对应一至两个题目。考生在答题时面对的答题单位是段落。而且需要注意的是，托福阅读题干中都有关键词，考生只需要根据题干关键词定位到文章具体内容就可顺利进行托福阅读答题。

那么，考生在托福阅读答题时怎样避免读全文呢?

考生在阅读文章时可以先阅读文章的首段前4行，注意这里不是前2行，因为现在很多文章首句通常是由专业名词组成或者是一些习语组成。因此这里建议首先读完前4行来了解文章主题方向。接下来可以看每个段落的前两句，大致了解段落主旨。然后根据以上内容整理托福阅读文章的整体框架。

在托福阅读答题时则直接看题，然后在题中找关键词回到原文，一些题目也可以通过特殊字符来辨认，比如数字，大写字母，拼写十分怪异的单词等等，当一道题没有这些标示的时候也可以通过邻近的其他试题来定位本题在原文中的位置。

托福阅读考试流程

托福阅读考试流程比较简单，60分钟完成3篇700词左右的文章，每篇文章有14道题，出题顺序是按照文章顺序来的。那么托福考试中做题顺序应该是怎么样的呢?是要先做题还是先阅读文章?

一.做题的两种基本方法

最基本的做题顺序有两种：先读【全篇】文章再做题;先读题目再读文章【相应部分】然后做题。托福阅读最基本的做题顺序又能衍生变化出两种做题顺序：读一段文章，做相应的题目，然后再读一段，再做相应的题目;读文章各段首句，然后看题目，再找文章内相应部分做题。

二.哪种做题方法更优

对于多数人来说，可能“读文章各段首句，然后看题目，再找文章内相应部分做题”的托福阅读做题顺序会比较合适，读各段首句可以粗略掌握文章大意和结构，做题再看内容再做能大大降低“工作量”，但是这种做法不利于对全文的消化吸收，从而不利于做总结题，也可能会遗漏文章内的一些细节而导致做错细节题。而托福目前反馈大都是顺序出题的，所以建议练习时就尽量往“读一段做相应题目，再读一段再做相应题目”这一顺序去靠拢，可以对文章有全面的把握，虽然总量上还是要读完全文，但是对大脑的短期记忆的负担要比通读全文再做题目小很多。

三.Paraphrase的重要性

在IBT阅读中，甚至可以扩展到ETS所有考试的阅读题目中，如果要用一个词来概括的话，那就是paraphrase，意译。无论是题干还是正确选项，大都能在原文中找出一句话来与之相对应。即题目是原文的意译。这种意译是通过同义词来完成的。即题干中多用近义词来对原文中的句子进行替换，来达到提出问题或者提出正确答案的意思。准确把握意译，是多数题目中准确在原文中定位信息、或者在迷惑选项中选出正确的那个，都有着重要的作用。关于先看题目还是先看文章的问题。也就是做题时间安排的问题。由于对问题的回答建立在了熟悉全文的基础上，每个问题又有足够的时间返回全文，每个选项都一一进行斟酌。托福阅读文段一般都依照老美的思路来成文，首段、尾段、首句、尾句以及过渡段【句】很重要，只要是依据美国人的阅读思路来安排托福阅读做题顺序，那托福阅读就不会像你想象的那样难以拿分。

托福阅读真题练习

托福阅读真题练习：蝴蝶的文本+题目+答案

托福阅读文本：

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects — it is estimated that 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions. For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously;little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

托福阅读题目：

1. Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?

【A】 Their physical characteristics

【B】 Their names

【C】 Their adaptation to different habitats

【D】 Their variety

2. The word "consequence" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

【A】 result

【B】 explanation

【C】 analysis

【D】 requirement

3. Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issuesbecause they

【A】 are simple in structure

【B】 are viewed positively by people

【C】 have been given scientific names

【D】 are found mainly in temperate climates

4. The word "striking" in line 8 is closest in meaning to

【A】 physical

【B】 confusing

【C】 noticeable

【D】 successful

5. The word "exceed" in line 11 is closest in meaning to

【A】 locate

【B】 allow

【C】 go beyond

【D】 come close to

6. All of the following are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity EXCEPT

【A】 differences between temperate and tropical zones

【B】 patterns of distribution of species in each region

【C】 migration among temperate and tropical zones

【D】 variation of patterns of distribution of species among different animals and plants

7. The author mentions tropicalAsia in lines 19 as an example of a location where

【A】 butterfly behavior varies with climate

【B】 a general theory of butterfly diversity has not yet been firmly established

【C】 butterflies are affected by human populations

【D】 documenting plant species is more difficult than documenting butterfly species

8. Which of the following is NOT well understood by biologists?

【A】 European butterfly habitats

【B】 Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions

【C】 Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical region

【D】 Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups

9. The word "generated" in line 26 is closest in meaning to

【A】 requested

【B】 caused

【C】 assisted

【D】 estimated

托福阅读答案：

DABCC CBCB